Musculoskeletal disorders (MSK) are a large category of ailments that affect the body’s muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones, and other supporting tissues Arthritis, back pain, and trauma are the three most common musculoskeletal disorders identified and cause yearly visits to doctors’ offices, ERs, and hospitals.

Depending on the exact disorder, MSD symptoms might vary. However, they may include:

• Muscle aches and pain
• Cramps and muscle spasms
• Weakness and exhaustion
• Inflation and swelling
• Limited motion range
• Numbness
• Stiffness

MSDs have several different and frequently complex causes and may include:

• Genetics – Some musculoskeletal illnesses can run in families, predisposing some people to certain conditions.
• Autoimmune conditions – when the immune system cells attack the body’s tissues.
• Repetitive motions – such as typing or moving heavy things- can strain the muscles and joints and cause illnesses.
• Overexertion – Injuries can occur when muscles and joints are overworked by strenuous exercise or carrying heavy objects.

Treatment methods may include – depending on the condition in question and how severe it is:

• Medications – like anti-inflammatory medications, painkillers, and disease-modifying antirheumatic medicines for autoimmune diseases.
• Injections – like hyaluronic acid injections or corticosteroids, may be given to decrease inflammation and pain.
• Physical therapy – Exercises and stretches designed to build muscle, increase flexibility, and improve joint function are used in physical therapy.
• Assistive devices – like splints and braces- support the affected areas and improve mobility.