A person’s diet is the collection of drinks and foods they consume regularly. Diets come in a wide variety, each serving a different purpose. The practice of dieting involves consuming a restricted diet to lose or keep a specific weight by either decreasing a person’s appetite or limiting calories, carbohydrates or fats.

A paleo diet is an eating regimen consisting only of items hunters and gatherers could obtain during the Paleolithic Era.

• How it works – A paleo diet currently includes veggies, fruits, seafood, eggs, lean meats, seeds, and nuts. It excludes foods that spread in popularity as small-scale cultivation got underway.
• Benefits – lowers blood pressure, obesity, cardiac issues, and type 2 diabetes while improving body weight and other metrics.
• Drawbacks – prohibits whole grains, legumes, and dairy products are legumes, and dairy products on the paleo diet. Investigating the long-term health benefits is necessary.

The vegan lifestyle is more of a way of life than a diet. Anything made from an animal, such as dairy products, honey, and eggs, is restricted to vegans.

• How it works – excludes everything from animals, including gelatin, honey, albumin, whey, casein, some forms of vitamin D3, and meat, dairy, and eggs.
• Benefits – low fat and high fibre composition help a person feel full for a long time. It reduces the chance of developing obesity, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and certain cancers.
• Drawbacks – may experience nutrient shortfalls of vitamin B12, D, iodine, calcium, zinc, or omega-3 fatty acids

A low-carb diet restricts carbohydrates or carbs, such as grains, starchy veggies, and fruits. Low-carb plans come in many forms. The kinds and amounts of carbohydrates a person is allowed to consume vary depending on the diet.

• How it works – limits carbohydrates and prioritizes protein- and fat-rich foods.
• Benefits – reduces the chance of heart problems while promoting weight reduction and blood sugar control.
• Drawbacks – can make individuals feel weak as they miss out on micronutrients from fruits. It also causes a headache, muscle cramps and constipation.

Countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea, like Italy, Spain, Greece and France, followed the Mediterranean diet.

• How it works – Although the diet has no rigid rules or regulations, it usually promotes vegetables, fruits, nuts, seeds, whole grains, legumes, and heart-healthy fats. Limits intake of refined grains, processed meals, and added sugar.
• Benefits – Improves memory and lowers the risk of Alzheimer’s, dementia, stroke, heart disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and early death.
• Drawbacks – may cause low calcium and iron levels, and some individuals may put on weight due to the nuts and oils.

A high-fat, moderately high-protein, very low-carb diet known as the ketogenic or keto diet has become increasingly common in recent years.

• How it works – As the body runs out of blood sugar, the disintegration of protein and fat for energy starts, causing a person to lose weight. We refer to this as ketosis. It’s essential to remember that it is a temporary eating plan with a weight loss goal rather than a search for health benefits.
• Benefits – improves cholesterol levels, controls appetite, and treats seizures.
• Drawbacks – Long-term adherence may be challenging due to symptoms like constipation, headaches, exhaustion, mental fog, irritability, etc.